入门

简单get请求

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	resp, err := http.Get("https://www.liwenzhou.com/")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("get failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
  // 使用完response后必须关闭回复的主体。
	defer resp.Body.Close()
  
	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("read from resp.Body failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Print(string(body))
}

带参数get请求

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
)

func main() {
	apiUrl := "http://127.0.0.1:9090/get"
	// URL param
	data := url.Values{}
	data.Set("name", "小王子")
	data.Set("age", "18")
  
	u, err := url.ParseRequestURI(apiUrl)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("parse url requestUrl failed, err:%v\n", err)
	}
	u.RawQuery = data.Encode() // URL encode
	fmt.Println(u.String()) // http://127.0.0.1:9090/get?age=18&name=%E5%B0%8F%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%90
  
	resp, err := http.Get(u.String())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("post failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
  
	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("get resp failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(string(b))
}

对应的Server端HandlerFunc

func getHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	defer r.Body.Close()
	data := r.URL.Query()
	fmt.Println(data.Get("name"))
	fmt.Println(data.Get("age"))
	answer := `{"status": "ok"}`
	w.Write([]byte(answer))
}

post请求

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	url := "http://127.0.0.1:9090/post"
  
	// 表单form数据
	// contentType := "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
	// data := "name=小王子&age=18"
  
	// json数据
	contentType := "application/json"
	data := `{"name":"小王子","age":18}`
  
	resp, err := http.Post(url, contentType, strings.NewReader(data))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("post failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
  
	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("get resp failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(string(b))
}

对应的Server端HandlerFunc

func postHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	defer r.Body.Close()
	// 1. 请求类型是application/x-www-form-urlencoded时解析form数据
	r.ParseForm()
	fmt.Println(r.PostForm) // 打印form数据
	fmt.Println(r.PostForm.Get("name"), r.PostForm.Get("age"))
  
	// 2. 请求类型是application/json时从r.Body读取数据
	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("read request.Body failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(string(b))
	answer := `{"status": "ok"}`
	w.Write([]byte(answer))
}

postForm

package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/url"
)

func main() {
	postParam := url.Values{
		"mobile":      {"xxxxxx"},
		"isRemberPwd": {"1"},
	}

	resp, err := http.PostForm("http://www.maimaiche.com/loginRegister/login.do", postParam)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()
	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	}

	fmt.Println(string(body))
}

Go Http客户端

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"log"
	"reflect"
	"bytes"
)

func main() {
  // 简单请求
	resp, err := http.Get("http://www.baidu.com")
	if err != nil {
		// handle error
		log.Println(err)
		return
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	headers := resp.Header
	for k, v := range headers {
		fmt.Printf("k=%v, v=%v\n", k, v)
	}

	fmt.Printf("resp status %s,statusCode %d\n", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode)
	fmt.Printf("resp Proto %s\n", resp.Proto)
	fmt.Printf("resp content length %d\n", resp.ContentLength)
	fmt.Printf("resp transfer encoding %v\n", resp.TransferEncoding)
	fmt.Printf("resp Uncompressed %t\n", resp.Uncompressed)
	fmt.Println(reflect.TypeOf(resp.Body)) // *http.gzipReader

  // 读取response
	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 512))
	length, _ := buf.ReadFrom(resp.Body)

	fmt.Println(len(buf.Bytes()))
	fmt.Println(length)
	fmt.Println(string(buf.Bytes()))
}

设置头参数、cookie

package main

import (
	"net/http"
	"strings"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"encoding/json"
)

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}

	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "http://www.maimaiche.com/loginRegister/login.do",
		strings.NewReader("mobile=xxxxxxxxx&isRemberPwd=1"))
	if err != nil {
		log.Println(err)
		return
	}

	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8")

	resp, err := client.Do(req)

	defer resp.Body.Close()

	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Println(err)
		return
	}

	fmt.Println(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type")) //application/json;charset=UTF-8

	type Result struct {
		Msg    string
		Status string
		Obj    string
	}

  // 读取json到Result对象
	result := &Result{}
	json.Unmarshal(body, result) //解析json字符串

	if result.Status == "1" {
		fmt.Println(result.Msg)
	} else {
		fmt.Println("login error")
	}
	fmt.Println(result)
}